Signs of magical realism in Manaqib al-Arifin

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Graduate Student of Persian Language and Literature

2 Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

Abstract

Among the various literary genres, mystical texts, and especially mystical memories that have narrated the biography of mystics, include the miraculous and extraordinary deeds that occur as a result of mystical virtues. They have the most similarity and alignment with the components of the school of magical realism. The authors of the present study, among the mystical memoirs and biographies of mystics, have considered the book Manaqeb al-Arefin Ahmad Aflaki, which describes the states and officials of Maulana and his family and companions, as the statistical population of this research. Descriptive-analytical method has tried to study the elements of magical realism in the mentioned work. The result of the research shows that Aflaki, like the leading writers of the school of magical realism, with the help of his very high imagination and admirable literary creativity and artistic genius, combines the elements of the world of magic and the world of reality so creatively that The formation of a whole becomes unique and persuades the reader to accept the magical element that flows in the context of reality. Existence of elements such as identity, timelessness, Placement, artistic fusion of reality and fantasy, use of magnification and exaggeration, and wonderful wonders that emerge from the characters of the stories. Manaqeb al-Arefin leads the mystics more and more to the realm of magical realism.
 

Keywords

References

Abdi, E. (2013), Study of Magical Realism in the Works of Southern Writers, Supervisor: Mohammad Ali Mahmoudi Advisor: Mohammad Ali Zahrazadeh, Sistan and Baluchestan University, Faculty of Literature and Humanities.
- Aflaki, A. (1981), ManagheboAl-Arifin, by Tahsin Yaziji, two volumes, second edition, Tehran: Book World.
- Aldea, Eva, (2011) Magical Realism and Deleuze. The Indiscernibility of Difference in Postcolonial, Continuum Literary Studies and Bloom bury Academic.
- Anousheh, H. (2002), Dictionary of Persian Literature, Encyclopedia of Persian Literature, Volume 2, Second Edition, Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance.
- Atashosowda, M.A and A. Tavaloli. (2011), "A Comparative Study of the Novel One Hundred Years of Solitude and the Novel of Bill's Mourners", Journal of Comparative Literature Studies, Volume 16, 11-34.
- Baker, Suzanne, (1993) “Binarisms and Duality: Magical Realism and Post colonialism”, SPAN, no 36, 82-87.
- Benazir, N and A. Razi. (2010), "The entanglement of magical realism and the story of the situation, a case study of plant stories in quarantine", Bustan Adab Magazine, Volume 4, 29-46.
- Bowers, Maggie Ann, (2005) Magical Realism. 5th Routledge, New York
- Chaharmahali, M. (2014), "The Kingdom of the Turning Point of Iranian Magical Realism", Contemporary Persian Literature, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Volume 4, No. 4, 71-94.
- Chandy, Amaryll, (1985) Magical Realism and Fantastic, Garland Publishing, New York.
- Dad, S. (1999), Dictionary of Literary Terms, new edition, Tehran: Morvarid.
- Damavandi, M. (2008), "Washing Papers: Content Critique of Two Parts of the ManagheboAl-Arifin ", Journal of Humanities, Volume 57, 129-140.
- Daneshgar, A. (2018), "Study of Magical Realism in Paribad Novel", Journal of Literary Criticism and Rhetoric, Volume 7, Number 1, 59-78.
- Davani, F. (2016), "Aspects of Magical Realism in the Military Body Week", International Conference on Literature and Linguistics, Volume 1, 1-7.
- Ebadi Asayesh, M and M. Gheibi. (2017), "Study of Magical Realism and Review Nostalgia in the Narrative Layers of Asfar Kataban Novel", Persian Language and Literature, University of Tabriz, Volume 70, 97-122.
- Gh. Gholam Hosseinzadeh. (2007), "Critique and analysis of the anecdotes of Rumi's virtues in Sepahsalar treatise", Quarterly Journal of Literary Research, Volume 4, Number 17, 125-148.
- Ghobadi, M. (2016), "A Comparative Study of Ghazi Al-Qasebi's" Al-Asfuriyeh "and Muniro Ravanipour's" Ahl-e Gharq "from the Perspective of Magical Realism", Supervisor: Ali Salimi, Consultant: Turaj Zinivand, Razi University, Faculty of Literature and Humanities.
- Golpinarli, A. (1996), Maulana Jalaluddin Zendegani, Philosophy, Translation and Explanations by Dr. Tawfiq Sobhani, Third Edition, Tehran: Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies.
- Hagh Rousta, M. (2006), "The difference between magical realism and amazing realism and the role of perspective in them by examining the works of Gabriel Garcia Marquez and Aljo Carpenter", Literature and Languages, Research in Contemporary World Literature, Volume 30, 17-34.
- Hanif, M. and T. Rezaei. (2016), "The Language of Narrative in the Novels of Magical Realism", Literary Criticism and Theory, Volume 1, Issue 2, 155-176.
- Hejazi, B. (2015), "Signs of Magical Realism in Mane Io Novel", Journal of Literature and Language of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Volume 18, No. 38, 81-103.
- Hosseinpour, S. (2016), "Journey from Wonderland to the world of fear and bewilderment: the transition from fantasy to magical realism in Neral Gaiman's novel Crawley", Supervisor: Nahid Shahbazi Moghadam Consultant Professor: Nooshin Elahipanah, Semnan University, Faculty Literature and Humanities.
- Khazaeifar, A. (1999), "Magical Realism in the Memoirs of the First Attar", Academy Letter, Volume 25, 6-21.
- Koufon, C. (2002), Beyond the Mirrors, translated by Parandosh Tavassoli, Tehran: Abi.
- Lodge, D. (2009), Novel Theories, translated by Hossein Payendeh, Tehran: Niloufar.
- Mirsadeghi, Jamal and Meymant Mirsadeghi (1998), Dictionary of the Art of Fiction, Tehran: Mahnaz Book.
- Modarresi, F. (2011), Descriptive Culture of Literary Criticism and Theories, Tehran: Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies.
- Mohammadpour, M. (2018), Fantasy and Magical Realism in the Works of Richard Bratigan: Azghandandaneh, The Dream of Babylon, Supervisor: Mehdi Teymouri Advisor: Yousef Ali Amiri, Khayyam University, Faculty of Literature and Humanitie.
- Momtahen, M and I. Lak. (2015), "A Comparative Study of Magical Realism in the Two Novels of the Land of Green Tomatoes and One Hundred Years of Solitude", Comparative Literature (Academy of Persian Language and Literature), 11 consecutive, 141-162.
- Nazemian, R, A. Ganjian Khanari, D. Spraham and Y. Shadman. (2014), "Study of the propositions of magical realism in the novels of the mourners of Bail Gholam Hossein Saedi and the Nights of a Thousand Najib Mahfouz", Arabic Literature, Volume 6, Issue 2, 17-157.
- Nikobakht, N and M. Raminnia. (2005), "Magical Realism and the Analysis of the Drowning Novel", Quarterly Journal of Literary Research, Volume 8, Summer 2005, 139-154.
- Parnian, M, and A. Almasi and M. Zahed Seyed Tibar. (2014), "Magical Realism and Kurdish Folk Myths", Quarterly Journal of Persian Language and Literature, Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj, Volume 6, No. 2, 25-52.
- Pournamdarian, T and M. Seydan. (2009), "Reflection of Magical Realism in the Stories of Gholam Hossein Saedi", Journal of the Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Volume 17, 45-64.
- Rastegar Fasaei, M. (2004), Sculpture in Mythology, First Edition, Tehran: Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies.
- Riahi, M. (1990), Persian Language and Literature in the Ottoman Empire, First Edition, Tehran: Pajhang.
- Rìos, Alberto, (2002) Magical Realism: Definition, Arizona State University, Temp AZ.
- Roozbeh, M. (2002), Contemporary Iranian Literature, First Edition, Tehran: Roozgar.
- Rudgar, M. (2017), "Theory of Mystical Realism in Fiction", Comparative Research, Volume 5, Issue 3, 21-28.
- Sabzian Moradabadi, S and M.J Kazazi. (2009), Culture of Literary Theory and Criticism, First Edition, Tehran: Morvarid.
- Safari, J, H. Imanian and H. Shamsi. (2011), "Linking Mystical Texts with Magical Realism", Bi-Quarterly Journal of Mystical Studies, Volume 14. 105-122.
- Shamisa, S. (2011), Literary Schools, Third Edition, Tehran: Qatre.
- Shariat, M and A. Hemmati. (2012), "Tawam, a rare species of saints' miracles", Mystical Studies, No. 15, 103-124.
- Sharifi, M. (2008), Dictionary of Persian Literature, Tehran: Farhang Nashr-e No, Moin.
- Sheikh Hosseini, Z and M. Mahmoudi (2016), "Common contexts of the tendency to magical realism in southern Iran and South America", Journal of Comparative Literature, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Volume 8, No. 14, 203-221.
- Sheikhzadeh, S, Gh. Sharifi Valdani, M. Hashemi and M. Barati Khansari. (2016), "Traces of Magical Realism in Two Short Stories of Sacred Defense", Journal of Sustainability Literature, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Volume 8, No. 4, 123-146.
- Shirazi, S. (Mulla Sadra) (1142), Asfar Arbeh, Tehran: Lithography.
- Shoushtari, M. (2008), "Magical Realism; Imaginary Reality ”, Art Quarterly, Volume 75, 32-44.
Literature in the Iraqi period
Volume 3, Issue 1
August 2022
Pages 63-81

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics