In Search of the Signs of “Our Pir (Spiritual Guide)” in a Lyric by Hafez

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD Candidate in Persian Language and Literature, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The themes and images of Hafez's poems are as much influenced by the poetry of the poets of his time as they are from the poetry tradition before him. Understanding the system of images of eighth century poetry is very much in the way of researchers in analyzing the images and themes of Hafez. The poetic exchange of the poets of this period is such that the sharing of poetic themes and images between them is obvious and by tracing these themes, the main features of the poetry of this century can be extracted. Among these verbal and spiritual commonalities, there is a contemporaneous lyric in the Divan of Khajavi Kermani, Salman Savoji, Nasser Bukharaei and Hafez Shirazi that given the undeniable similarity, the scholars' endless discussions about the meaning of "our Pir" in the tenth lyric poem of Hafez's divan can be arranged as a central point. In this research, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method, in order to introduce specifications of "our Pir" more accurately, its history was first explored in Attar's Ghazals, and after extracting the Attributes of "our Pir" in Attar's Ghazals and drawing his face, this image in poetry The eighth century was studied with an introduction to Golshan Raz by Sheikh Mahmoud Shabestari and focusing on the Ghazals with "Our Pir" context. Care in the studied poems showed that many opinions about the adaptation of the face of "our Pir" with the historical character of "Mansour Hallaj" are due to disregard for the poetic tradition of the eighth century and intersubjective relationships involved in creating poetic images of this period. Accordingly, by knowing and studying Hafez's contemporary poets carefully and assuming that he has been impressed by their creativity, in addition to removing many ambiguities about the sources of Hafez's themes, Hafez's Creativity can be discovered in comparison with these poets.
 
 

Keywords

References

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Literature in the Iraqi period
Volume 3, Issue 1
August 2022
Pages 83-103

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