Analytical reading of the chapters "The King and Brahmins" and "The Prince and His Companions" by Kalila and Demna based on symbols and meaning generation

Semiotics first started with Saussure, later Roland Barthes considered its knowledge only through linguistics. In the semiotic analysis of the story "Sarazin" by Balzac, Barthes introduced five codes: functional, enigmatic (hermeneutic), semantic, symbolic and referential codes. In his opinion, these codes lead to the production of meaning. One of the ancient texts that has received less attention from the point of view of Barth's cryptographers and semiotics is Kalila and Demna Nasrollah Monshi. In this research, we tried to select the last two chapters of Kalila and Demeneh, "The King and Brahmins" and "The Prince and His Companions" in order to find out how Barth's five ciphers were manifested in them.  Let's examine the hermeneutic code and its relationship with the identity of the questioners and the content of the two chapters. Let's explore the relationship between cultural codes and the author's knowledge of his era, and also pay attention to the influence of rhetorical techniques and crafts in the production of meaning.We conclude with the investigations carried out in this research: Both chapters begin with enigmatic ciphers. With action codes, it is possible to fully understand the characters of the two stories. By specifying the identity of the questioner and the type of his question, the enigmatic cipher shows that the content of both chapters is about the king and the elements affecting the kingship. Due to the lateness of writing, two or multiple cultural codes are defined in two chapters. Also, rhetorical techniques and industries have greatly contributed to the construction of codes and then the production of meaning.