A reading of Khaqani's poem Mantiq-Al-Tayr based on the theory of intertextuality

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

2 PhD student of Persian language and literature, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

Abstract

Mantiq Al-Tir Khaqani's ode is one of the brilliant examples of Persian literature. This ode is also one of the remarkable examples of the language and journey of the birds. A number of birds have gathered in the spring season and each one is praising a flower and arguing about the superiority of the flower in question. In this research, we have tried to examine this ode from a new angle based on the theory of intertextuality and with a descriptive-analytical approach and relying on documentary studies. The theory of intertextuality is one of the methods of examining the text, which was formed by Julia Kristeva, under the influence of the theory of conversational logic of Mikhail Bakhtin. The basis of this theory is that it explains the meaning of the text based on the conversation and interaction with other texts before and after it; Because meaning is the result of conversation and conversation has different ways. The findings of this research show that this text (ode) is the meeting place of various discourses, including musical, mystical-philosophical, epic, religious, historical and literary. All these discourses have been involved in the formation of this text (ode) like pieces of a puzzle, and finally they have all reached unity in the form of poetry.

Highlights

ـ آلن، گراهام (1392)، بینامتنیت، ترجمة پیام یزدانجو، تهران: مرکز.

ـ تودوروف، تزوتان (1393)، منطق گفت‌وگویی میخاییل باختین، ترجمة داریوش کریمی، تهران: مرکز.

ـ خاقانی، بدیل ابن علی (1387)، دیوان خاقانی، ج1، ویراستة میرجلال الدین کزّازی، تهران: مرکز.

ـ سبزیان، سعید و کزّازی، میرجلال الدین (1388)، فرهنگ نظریه و نقد ادبی، تهران: مروارید.

ـ شمیسا، سیروس (1389)، انواع ادبی، تهران: میترا.

ـ صفوی، کوروش (1395)، فرهنگ توصیفی مطالعات ادبی، تهران: علمی.

ـ عطار، محمد ابن ابراهیم (1388)، منطق‌الطیر، مقدمه، تصحیح و تعلیقات از محمدرضا شفیعی کدکنی، تهران: سخن.

ـ فردوسی، ابوالقاسم (1392)، شاهنامة فردوسی، ج2، بر پایة چاپ مسکو، به کوشش سعید حمیدیان، تهران: قطره.

ـ معدن کن، معصومه (1388)، بزم دیرینه عروس، تهران: مرکز نشر دانشگاهی.

ـ مقدادی، بهرام (1393)، دانش‌نامة نقد ادبی از افلاطون تا به امروز، تهران: چشمه.

ـ مکاریک، ایرنا ریما (1393)، دانش‌نامة نظریه‌های ادبی معاصر، ترجمة مهران مهاجر و محمد نبوی، تهران: آگاه.

ـ مولوی جلال‌الدین، محمد ابن محمد (1389)، مثنوی معنوی، بر اساس نسخة قونیه، تصحیح قوام‌الدین خرّمشاهی، تهران: دوستان.

ـ نامور مطلق، بهمن (1394)، درآمدی بر بینامتنیت، تهران: سخن.

ـ یعقوبی، احمد ابن اسحاق (1389)، تاریخ یعقوبی، ج1، ترجمة محمدابراهیم آیتی، تهران: علمی و فرهنگی.

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Main Subjects

References

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Literature in the Iraqi period
Volume 4, Issue 1
March 2023
Pages 1-10

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