Situational satire, another source of Hafez's genius

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Boalisina University, Hamedan, Iran.

Abstract

The most natural type of satire is behavioral humor that causes surprise and amazement and pleasantry without any literary and linguistic artifice. Hafez, unlike the poets of the Timurid era, who only cared about language games and literary arts in poetry, puts the two elements of form and content in her focus at the same time.For this reason; there are more situational satires in her poems than literary satires. Hafez usually, instead of criticizing the policies of the governments, openly portrays the abnormal behavior of the governments and their supporters, which are often mixed with deception and hypocrisy, in order to create mocking and ridiculous situations from their confrontation and conflict with the logical and conventional human behavior.Or the one that puts hypocritical behaviors against normal transparent behaviors in order to create confrontational and humorous situations. Some types of situational humor in Hafez's poems are: frankness, self-mutilation/pretending debauchery and dissent, inversion, contradiction and opposition, arrogance and demandingness, tragic humor, exaggeration, self-deprecation, justifying reasoning, humor. In this article, we have examined only the first three types.

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References

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Literature in the Iraqi period
Volume 4, Issue 2
June 2023
Pages 31-64

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