The fate of man in Bahman Nameh

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Language and Literature, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

2 Associate Professor of Linguistics. Faculty of Language and Literature, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj. Iran.

3 Department of Persian, Faculty of Language and Literature, University of Kurdistan

Abstract

The poem "Bahmannameh" by Iranshah ibn Abi al-Khair presents an epic narrative of the life and battles of Bahman, son of Esfandiar, in which the fate of the characters is determined by the struggle between good and evil, justice and revenge, and destiny and free will. The concept of human fate, as the outcome of individual actions and choices in the face of good and evil, is one of the central themes in the epic. In Persian epics such as Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and later poetic works, the end is not only the result of heroic actions, but also a reflection of the moral and cosmic position of the characters in the confrontation between order (Isha) and chaos (Drogh). This research aims to analyze the concept of human end in Bahmannameh from an interpretive and philosophical perspective, examining the role and development of the main and secondary characters. This research aims to analyze the concept of human destiny in "Bahmannameh" from an interpretive and philosophical perspective, examining the role and development of the main and secondary characters. The study shows that the characters' destiny is the result of their moral choices within the framework of the Zoroastrian and Iranian-Islamic worldview, where loyalty to the Kianite order and truth lead to salvation, and betrayal and deception lead to ruin. For example, Bahman is punished for his vindictiveness by falling into the dragon's mouth, while Homay and Farshad Heng are eventually redeemed by their return to goodness.

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Research of Literary Text in Iraqi Career

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof
Available Online from 24 July 2025

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