بازتاب واژگان خراسانی در مثنوی‌معنوی (دفتر اول و دفتر دوم)

Masnavi, which is known as “The Ajam Quran”, is full of words that are used in the language of the speakers of Greater Khorasan. This research is aimed at proving evidence from Masnavi by mentioning examples of different dialects of Khorasan, including Sabzevari, Ghaeni, Mashhadi, Tati, Birjandi. Words that seem desolated and historical are still alive in Khorasan dialects, and the source language that Rumi took with him from east to west, along with the target language with which he communicated with other people, is obsolete. Unlike the Turkish words that are rarely used in Rumi's works, it did not fade. As it seems, by quoting this limit of words, Rumi, consciously or unconsciously, wanted to reflect his homelessness and distance from his homeland and some of his hidden tendencies while keeping his mother tongue alive. The result of the research shows that Rumi expresses his interest in the meaningful use of words in his mother tongue. In addition, with more reflection, it can be observed that many of these words have not taken on an old color over time and are among our lasting and enduring cultural heritage and are suitable categories of modeling in strengthening national identity and standard language. Furthermore, they play a pivotal role in creating ethnic and national unity and cultural vitality and has been used in a purposeful context. It is also possible to document the words that are specific to Khorasani dialects and get closer to the exact meaning of the words and to understand and learn Masnavi. 
Introduction:
As it has been proven in the current study, words that seem abandoned and historical in Masnavi are still alive and dynamic in the dialects of Khorasan. Furthermore, the source language that Molavi took with him from the east to the west, along with the destination language that he used to communicate with other peoples, did not become obsolete and faded unlike the Turkish words. which is rarely used in Molavi's works. It seems that Molavi, by bringing this limit of words, consciously or unconsciously, wanted to keep his mother tongue alive and reflect his alienation and distance from the homeland and some of his hidden tendencies. As the results of this study represent, Molavi expresses his interest in the meaningful use of words in his mother tongue. In addition, with further reflection, we can see that many of these words have not lose their touch with the passage of time and are among our lasting and sustainable cultural heritage, and are suitable categories for modeling in strengthening the national identity and standard language, and play a significant role in creating unity. Precisely, they have ethnic and national integrity and cultural vitality that has been used in a purposeful context. It is also possible to document the words that are specific to Khorasanian dialects with this method and get closer to the exact and correct meaning of the words and understanding and learning the spiritual Masnavi.
Materials and Methods:
This research aims to show another manifestation of the values of this great book and its noble language by extracting and explaining the Khorasani vocabulary used in the Masnavi. Khorasanian words includes various dialects, and the most significant of them are Birjand, Sabzevar, ghaen, Neishabur, Mashhad, Sarakhs, Gonabad, Torbat, Esfrayen, Garme and Jajarm (Tati) dialects. At the same time, these dialects have many aspects in common with each other, which are identified and introduced in this research, sometimes in a general way, considering their commonality, and sometimes with an emphasis on a specific dialect. The method of this research is quantitative and qualitative content analysis by referring to library sources and it aims to answer the question, what words and terms are included in Khorasanian words and terms of the first and second books of Masnavi-e Manavi and in which dialects are they still used?
Results and Discussion:
Athough there have been countless researches about the Masnavi, no research has been conducted on the Khorasanian words of Masnavi, and we have tried with a different approach in this research. Precisely, the Khorasanian words and terms of the first and second book of Masnavi are still prevalent in Khorasan dialects, along with extracting the expression of its evolution. The biggest difference that can be observed in the Persian language used in different regions is in the field of sounds and words, which is called dialectal difference. This difference in dialects is the result of the influence of the local language of the middle period on the modern Persian language. The influence of the Parthian language can also be seen in the Khorasan dialect. From the phonetic and accent differences and some local words in the language, the geographical position and place of their appearance can be recognized. Among the use words, the function of verbs is to show doing something at a certain time. Different morphological constructions of the verb and also different verbs of each language and dialect, each has a different capacity in conveying the concept of time. Meanwhile, the use of special words of each dialect creates a special context in the category of cultural transfer. For example, in the new era, due to the phonetic transformation, "a" or "o" is removed from the beginning of words, and as a result of this removal, two consecutive consonants immediately appear at the beginning of the word. Furthermore, a vowel is added between those two initial consonants: like the word "shekam" which is derived from Pahlavi askamb which has evolved into sekam. In the past, this letter was often added to the beginning of some verbs and words that begin with s, sh. "Ashkam" is more popular in Khorasanian dialects. However, in the later periods, it has become more popular "Shekam" in the official language. This rule is also seen in Masnavi.
The historical course of Farsi and grammatical developments (morphosyntactic) in the field of verbs, adjectives and adverbs are followed based on the texts, and by referring to the historical forms of ancient and middle Persian, its expression in some selected Dari Farsi texts reaches some conclusions. First, from the perspective of the historical background and the phonetic transformations that have taken place in ancient Iranian languages to Dari Persian, it is examined. Furthermore, by bringing concrete examples, this course of development is determined.
Conclusion:
According to the examination of the verses of the first book and the second book of Molavi spiritual masnavi, it was found that many words, terms, sounds, nouns and attributes that Molavi used are still used in the dialects of Greater Khorasan. Even though Molavi left Khorasan with his family as a child and was exiled for many years and ended his life in Asia Minor. However, Turkish words are rarely used in his works, and on the other hand, Khorasanian words can be seen in an original and dynamic form throughout his works. In this research, the use of prefixed verbs according to Sabzevari and ghaeni dialects is seen in Masnavi. The use of emphasis, which in Masnavi is not necessarily used in the place of emphasis, is used in Khorasani dialects and shows that this method was common in Molavi's mind and language. Also, the use of verb according to ghaeni dialect is popular in Masnavi. The use of alef Redundant's on the verb, which some consider to be used by Molavi in the Masnavi, to add weight, is one of the linguistic features of Khorasan, especially in the Mashhadian and Esfraynian dialects. The method of using numbers with the process of removing intermediate vowels, which is common in various dialects of Khorasan, is also seen with high frequency in Masnavi. The same is the use of prepositions and sounds whose examples were shown in the text of the research. One of the famous examples in the Mashhadian and Nishaburian dialects is the use of becoming a verb instead of going, which is one of the characteristic features and stylistic elements of Masnavi in the language axis. By expanding this last axis, it is possible to mention the use of verbs in specific semantic areas in Khorasanian dialects, according to the examples in the text, which is also used in Masnavi. By examining Masnavi from this point of view, it can be concluded that Maulavi still adhered to his mother tongue in exile, and this point can be obtained from the carefulness and reflection in the words used in his works. He expresses his interest in the mother tongue in the meaningful use of words.